The Link Between Diabetes and Glaucoma: What You Need to Know

Diabetes is a complex condition that affects various parts of the body, including the eyes. One of the most serious eye-related complications associated with diabetes is glaucoma—a progressive disease that damages the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Understanding the connection between diabetes and glaucoma is essential for maintaining eye health, especially for those at higher risk.

How Does Diabetes Increase the Risk of Glaucoma?

People with diabetes are more likely to develop glaucoma compared to those without the condition. The exact relationship between diabetes and glaucoma is still being studied, but several factors contribute to the increased risk:

•       Increased Eye Pressure – Diabetic patients often experience changes in blood flow and oxygen levels in the eye, which can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). High IOP is a significant risk factor for glaucoma.

•       Poor Blood Circulation – Diabetes can damage the small blood vessels in the eye, reducing the amount of oxygen and nutrients reaching the optic nerve. This damage can contribute to nerve deterioration over time.

•       Neovascular Glaucoma – This rare but serious form of glaucoma occurs when abnormal blood vessels form on the iris due to poor circulation caused by diabetes. These blood vessels can block the eye’s drainage system, leading to a rapid increase in eye pressure and vision loss.

Why Regular Eye Exams Are Essential

For individuals with diabetes, annual comprehensive eye exams are crucial for detecting glaucoma and other diabetic eye diseases early. These exams allow eye doctors to measure intraocular pressure, evaluate the health of the optic nerve, and identify any warning signs before vision loss occurs.

In some cases, additional tests such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or visual field tests may be needed to assess damage to the optic nerve. Early detection through routine eye exams provides the best chance of managing glaucoma effectively and preventing severe vision impairment.

Recognizing Early Symptoms of Glaucoma

Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it develops slowly and may not cause noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss has occurred. However, individuals with diabetes should be aware of the following potential signs:

•          Blurred vision

•          Loss of peripheral vision

•          Halos around lights

•          Eye pain or discomfort

•          Frequent changes in vision prescription

Because symptoms may not appear until the later stages, regular eye exams are the best way to detect glaucoma early.

Protect Your Vision—Schedule an Eye Exam Today

Managing diabetes involves more than monitoring blood sugar levels—it also means taking proactive steps to protect your vision. Since glaucoma can develop silently and cause irreversible damage, early detection through routine eye exams is essential. By staying ahead of potential complications, you can preserve your eyesight and overall quality of life.

Schedule your eye exam with Warm Springs Optometric Group and take the first step in protecting your vision with comprehensive diabetic eye care. Visit our office in Fremont, California, or call (510) 490-0287 to book an appointment today.